In-service certification (WoF and CoF) - Forklifts

Inspection and certification of forklifts: Warrant of fitness requirements

This section specifies the requirements that are applicable to the inspection and certification of forklifts for the purpose of issuing a warrant of fitness (WoF).

A forklift is defined as a motor vehicle (not fitted with self-laying tracks) designed principally for lifting, carrying and stacking goods by means of one or more tines, platens or clamps.

General requirements

1. A forklift that is operated on the road, ie that is registered, requires a WoF. Therefore, the vehicle inspector may inspect a forklift only if it has a registration plate attached to it.

Reasons for rejection

Condition and performance

1. The risk of a component (Note 1) hooking a vehicle, or hooking or grazing a person, has not been minimised.

2. An ornamental object or fitting (Note 2) protrudes in such a way that it is likely to injure a person.

3. A protruding object or fitting that has a functional purpose (Note 2) is fitted in a way that does not reduce the risk of injury to a person.

4. A component, object or fitting is not securely attached to the vehicle.

5. A protruding object or fitting adversely affects the driver’s vision or control.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: External Projections 2001.

Permitted equipment

1. A forklift may be fitted with a protruding ornamental or functional object or fitting.

Condition and performance

2. A protruding ornamental object or fitting must not be likely to injure a person.

3. A protruding object or fitting that has a functional purpose must be installed so that the risk of the object or fitting causing injury to a person is minimised.

4. Components of a forklift, including damaged or corroded body panels, must be such that the risk of their hooking a vehicle, or hooking or grazing a person, is minimised.

5. A protruding object or fitting must not adversely affect driver vision or driver control.

Reasons for rejection

Mandatory equipment

1. A forklift exceeds the dimension requirements set out in Table 2-2-1 and is not fitted with the appropriate hazard warning equipment set out in Table 2-2-2.

2. A required revolving amber beacon cannot be activated and deactivated.

Table 2-2-1. Dimension requirements (see Figure 2-2-4)

Dimension	Maximum distance	Comments
Width	2.55m 1.275m from each side of the longitudinal centreline	Measurement does not include: collapsible mirrors which extend no more than 240mm from the side and 1.49m when measured from the vehicle’s longitudinal centre-line direction indicators and side-marker lamps cab exterior grab rails that extend no more than 1.325m when measured from a vehicle’s longitudinal centre-line the bulge towards the bottom of a tyre.
Overall length	12.6m (no tow coupling fitted) 11.5m (tow coupling fitted)	Measurement does not include collapsible mirrors.
Height	4.3m
Forward distance	8.5m (tow coupling fitted) 9.5m (no tow coupling fitted)	Measured from the rear axis (Note 1) to the front of the vehicle Measurement does not include collapsible mirrors
Rear overhang	Forklift GVM 3500kg or less: 4m Forklift GVM greater than 3500kg: with rearmost axle being a non-steering axle: 4m or 70% of wheelbase (whichever is less) with rearmost axle being a steering axle: 4.25m or 70% of wheelbase (whichever is less)	Rear overhang is measured from the rear axis (Note 1) to the rear of the vehicle
Front overhang	3m	Front overhang is measured from the front edge of the driver’s seat in the rearmost position to the front of the vehicle.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Dimensions and Mass 2016.

Mandatory equipment

1. A forklift that exceeds the dimensions in Table 2-2-1 must be fitted with additional equipment set out in Table 2-2-2.

Reasons for rejection

Condition

1. The structure of the forklift has visible:

a) deformation from the original shape that has affected the vehicle’s structural integrity (Note 1) (Note 3), or

b) cracking, or

c) fracture, or

d) any corrosion, damage or repair that the inspector considers has caused weakening of a load-bearing structure.

2. A rollover protection structure, or overhead protection structure or cab is not securely attached to the forklift.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Standards Compliance 2002, clause 7.4.

Condition

1. The forklift must be safe to be operated.

2. The components and materials must be fit for their purpose and within safe tolerance of their state when manufactured or modified.

Reasons for rejection

Mandatory and permitted equipment (Note 6)

1. A forklift that is likely to be operated during the hours of darkness (where the vehicle inspector can determine that) is not fitted with either:

a) one pair of dipped-beam headlamps, or

b) one pair of forward-facing work lamps (Note 1).

2. A forklift is fitted with more than:

a) one pair of dipped-beam headlamps, or

b) two pairs of main-beam headlamps.

3. A forklift is fitted with a headlamp that is not in a pair.

4. A retrofitted pair of headlamps is:

a) not fitted symmetrically, or

b) not fitted as far towards each side of the vehicle as is practicable.

5. A forklift is fitted with a dipped-beam headlamp where the maximum intensity of the beam is projected to the right.

Condition

6. A lamp is insecure.

7. A lens is missing or has a hole, crack or other damage that allows moisture or dirt to enter.

8. A lens or reflector is damaged or has deteriorated so that light output is reduced.

9. A mandatory lamp is obscured or contains dirt or moisture in the form of large droplets, runs or puddles.

10. A main-beam headlamp warning device is obscured from the driver’s vision.

Performance

11. When switched on, a headlamp emits a light that is:

a) not substantially white or amber, or

b) not approximately equal in colour or intensity to the other lamp in a pair, or

c) not steady, or

d) not bright enough to illuminate the road ahead or be visible from 100m during the hours of darkness, eg due to modification, deterioration or an incorrect light source, or

e) too bright, eg due to the fitment of an HID or LED conversion kit (Note 7) or other incorrect light source, or

12. When the dipped-beam headlamps are switched on (with wheels pointing straight ahead):

a) a lamp does not operate, or

b) more than two lamps operate on dipped beam, or

c) the light beam produces an incorrect beam pattern, is not focused, or is reduced or altered, or

d) the centreline of the light beam (Figure 4-1-1, Table 4-1-1):

i. projects too far to the left, or

ii. projects to the right of the vehicle’s centreline, or

iii. slopes down too far so that the headlamp is no longer capable of illuminating the road ahead for safe vehicle operation, or

iv. is too high causing dazzling to other road users.

13. When the main-beam headlamps are switched on (with wheels pointing straight ahead):

a) a lamp does not operate, or

b) more than four lamps operate on main beam, or

c) the centreline of the light beam projects to the right of the vehicle’s centreline or up from the horizontal (Figure 4-1-2), or

d) the lamps are not capable of being switched to dipped beam or turned off from the driver’s seating position, or

e) a main-beam headlamp warning device does not indicate to the driver that the main-beam headlamps are switched on.

14. On a forklift with no headlamps, when the forward-facing work lamps are switched on a mandatory lamp does not operate.

15. On a forklift with no headlamps, when the forward-facing work lamps are switched on a lamp emits a light that is:

a) not substantially white or amber, or

b) not approximately equal in colour or intensity to the other lamp in a pair, or

c) not steady, or

d) not bright enough to illuminate the road ahead, eg due to modification, deterioration or an incorrect light source, or

e) not aligned appropriately, causing dazzling to other road users or insufficient light illuminating the road ahead for safe vehicle operation (Figure 4-1-3).

Table 4-1-1. Recommended dipped-beam headlamp alignment

	Headlamp type	Distance from ground to centre of light source	Dip rate of beam centre: lower and upper limits
			Percent (%)	mm/3m	Degrees (°)
EITHER	Any headlamp dipped beam	N/A	That specified by the vehicle or headlamp manufacturer
OR	Headlamp with symmetric dipped-beam pattern	N/A	3.0–3.5	90–105	1.7–2.0
OR	Headlamp with asymmetric dipped-beam pattern and distance from ground to centre of light source	less than 0.8m	1.0–1.5	30–45	0.57–0.85
		0.8–1.2m	1.0–2.0	30–60	0.57–1.15
		more than 1.2m	2.0–2.5	60–75	1.15–1.43

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Lighting 2004.

Mandatory and permitted equipment (Note 6)

1. A forklift that is operated in the hours of darkness must be fitted with

a) one pair of dipped-beam headlamps, or

b) one pair of forward-facing work lamps (Note 1).

2. A forklift may be fitted with one or two pairs of main-beam headlamps.

3. A warning device may be fitted that indicates that the main-beam headlamps are switched on.

4. A retrofitted pair of headlamps must be symmetrically mounted as far towards each side of the vehicle as is practicable.

Prohibited equipment

5. A dipped-beam headlamp designed solely for a left-hand drive vehicle, where the maximum intensity of the beam is dispersed to the right, must not be fitted.

Condition

6. A headlamp or a mandatory forward-facing work lamp must:

a) be in sound condition, and

b) not be obscured.

Performance

7. A lamp must operate in a way that is appropriate for the lamp and the vehicle.

8. A lamp must emit a steady light.

9. A lamp must provide sufficient illumination and light output to illuminate the road ahead.

10. A pair of lamps must emit light that is approximately of equal colour and intensity when switched on.

11. A lamp must emit a beam that is substantially white or amber.

12. A main-beam headlamp must be capable of being dipped or turned off from the driver’s position.

13. A warning device that indicates that the main-beam lamps are in operation must be in good working order.

14. When the headlamps are switched on and the vehicle’s front wheels are pointing in the straight-ahead position:

a) the centre of a headlamp beam must be either parallel to or to the left of the longitudinal centreline of the vehicle, and

b) the centre of a main-beam headlamp beam must be either parallel to or dipping down from the horizontal.

15. The dipped-beam headlamps must be visible from 100m in normal darkness.

16. A headlamp must be fitted with a light source that is specified by the vehicle manufacturer or the headlamp manufacturer.

Reasons for rejection

Permitted equipment

1. A forklift is fitted with:

a) only one front fog lamp, or

b) more than one pair of front fog lamps.

2. A forklift is fitted with more than two rear fog lamps.

3. A retrofitted pair of fog lamps is:

a) not fitted symmetrically, or

b) not fitted as far towards each side of the vehicle as is practicable, or

c) positioned higher than the dipped-beam headlamps.

Condition

4. A lamp is insecure or contains moisture in the form of large droplets, runs or puddles.

5. A lens is missing or has a hole, crack or other damage that allows moisture or dirt to enter.

6. A reflector is damaged or has deteriorated so that light output is reduced.

7. A fog lamp warning device, if fitted, is obscured from the driver’s vision.

Performance

8. When switched on, a front fog lamp does not operate.

9. When switched on, a front fog lamp emits light that:

a) is not projected to the front, or

b) produces an incorrect beam pattern (Figure 4-2-1), or

c) is not substantially white or amber to the front, or

d) is not approximately equal in colour or intensity to the other lamp in the pair, or

e) is not steady, or

f) is not bright enough to illuminate the road ahead in conditions of severely reduced visibility, eg due to modification, deterioration, dirt or an incorrect light source, or

g) is too bright, and could dazzle other road users, eg due to an incorrect light source, or

h) has a beam centre to the right of the vehicle’s centreline, or

i) has a beam that is not permanently dipped, or

j) has a beam centre that dips at an angle of less than 3% (Figure 4-2-1).

10. When switched on, a rear fog lamp emits light that is not:

a) projected to the rear, or

b) diffuse, or

c) substantially red, or

d) approximately equal in colour or intensity to the other lamp in a pair, or

e) steady, or

f) bright enough to indicate the presence of the vehicle from the rear in conditions of severely reduced visibility, eg due to modification, deterioration or an incorrect light source.

11. A fog lamp cannot be switched off from the driver’s seating position.

12. Where a fog lamp comprises an array of light sources (eg LEDs), fewer than 75% of these operate.

13. A fog lamp warning device, if fitted, does not operate.

Figure 4-2-1. Front fog lamp characteristics

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Lighting 2004.

Permitted equipment

1. A forklift may be fitted with:

a) one pair of front fog lamps, and

b) one or two rear fog lamps.

2. A retrofitted pair of fog lamps must be symmetrically mounted as far as is practicable towards each side of the vehicle.

3. A retrofitted front fog lamp must not be positioned higher than the dipped-beam headlamps.

4. A vehicle may be fitted with a warning device that indicates that a front or rear fog lamp is in operation.

Condition

5. A front fog lamp must be in sound condition.

6. A rear fog lamp must be in sound condition if it emits a light.

Performance

7. A fog lamp must operate in a way that is appropriate for the lamp and the vehicle.

8. A fog lamp must emit a steady light.

9. A front fog lamp must provide sufficient light output to illuminate the road ahead in conditions of severely reduced visibility.

10. A rear fog lamp must provide sufficient light output to indicate the presence of the vehicle on the road in conditions of severely reduced visibility.

11. The light emitted from a front fog lamp must be substantially white or amber.

12. The light emitted from a rear fog lamp must be diffuse and substantially red in colour.

13. A pair of fog lamps must emit light that is approximately equal in colour and intensity.

14. The centre of a front fog lamp beam must be parallel to or to the left of the longitudinal centreline of the vehicle.

15. The centre of a front fog lamp beam must be permanently dipped at an angle of at least 3%.

16. A fog lamp must be able to be turned off from the driver’s seating position.

17. A front or rear fog lamp warning device must be in good working order.

18. Where a fog lamp comprises an array of light sources (eg LEDs), at least 75% of these must operate.

Reasons for rejection

Permitted equipment

1. A forklift is fitted with:

a) only one lamp, or

b) more than one pair of lamps, or

c) a lamp that either:

i. was not originally fitted by the forklift manufacturer, or

ii. is not fitted in the original position.

Condition

2. A lamp is insecure.

3. A lens is missing, or has a hole, crack or other damage that allows moisture or dirt to enter.

4. A lamp’s reflector is damaged or has deteriorated so that light output is reduced.

Performance

5. When activated by switching on the direction indicator lamp or by turning the steering wheel, a cornering lamp does not:

a) operate, or

b) project in the direction of the turn.

6. A cornering lamp emits light that is:

a) not substantially white or amber, or

b) not approximately equal in colour or intensity to the other lamp in a pair, or

c) not steady, or

d) not bright enough to illuminate the road ahead in the direction of the turn, eg due to modification, deterioration, dirt or an incorrect light source, or

e) too bright, causing dazzle to other road users, eg due to an incorrect light source or misalignment.

7. Where a cornering lamp comprises an array of light sources (eg LEDs), fewer than 75% of these operate.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Lighting 2004.

Permitted equipment

1. One pair of cornering lamps fitted by the forklift manufacturer.

Condition

2. A cornering lamp must be in sound condition.

Performance

3. A cornering lamp must operate in a way that is appropriate for the lamp and the vehicle.

4. A cornering lamp must emit light that is substantially white or amber.

5. A pair of cornering lamps must emit light that is approximately equal in colour and intensity.

6. A cornering lamp must emit a steady light.

7. A cornering lamp must provide sufficient light output to illuminate the road ahead in the direction of the turn.

8. A cornering lamp must be correctly aligned.

9. Where a cornering lamp comprises an array of light sources (eg LEDs), at least 75% of these must operate.

Reasons for rejection

Prohibited equipment

1. A forklift is fitted with daytime running lamps.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Lighting 2004.

Prohibited equipment

1. A forklift must not be fitted with daytime running lamps.

Reasons for rejection

Permitted equipment

1. A forklift is fitted with more than:

a) two pairs of lamps at the rear, or

b) two pairs of lamps at the front, or

c) two side-facing lamps on each side.

2. A forklift is fitted with a lamp that is not in a pair.

3. A retrofitted pair of lamps is not:

a) symmetrically mounted, or

b) mounted as far towards each side of the forklift as is practicable.

Condition

4. A lamp is insecure.

5. A lens is missing, or has a hole, crack or other damage that allows moisture or dirt to enter.

6. A reflector is damaged or has deteriorated so that light output is reduced.

Performance (Note 2)

7. When switched on, a direction indicator lamp:

a) does not operate, or

b) does not begin flashing within one second of switching on, or

c) flashes:

i. faster than two flashes per second, or

ii. slower than one flash per second, or

iii. at a different rate from other lamps on the same side.

8. When switched on, a direction indicator lamp emits a light that is:

a) not substantially amber or red to the rear, or

b) not substantially white or amber to the front, or

c) not substantially amber to the side, or

d) not approximately equal in colour or intensity to the other lamp in a pair, or

e) not bright enough to be visible from 100m in normal daylight and from 200m in normal darkness, eg due to modification, deterioration, dirt or an incorrect light source, or

f) too bright causing significant dazzle to other road users, eg due to an incorrect light source, or

g) altered, eg due to damage or modification.

9. On a forklift of American origin fitted with combined stop and indicator lamps, the stop lamp function is not overridden by the indicator function.

10. Where a lamp comprises an array of light sources (eg LEDs), fewer than 75% of these operate.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Lighting 2004.

Permitted equipment

1. A forklift may be fitted with one or two pairs of lamps to the front and rear of the vehicle.

2. A forklift may be fitted with one or two side-facing lamps on each side.

3. A suitable device may be fitted that indicates to the driver the failure of a mandatory lamp.

4. A retrofitted pair of lamps must be mounted symmetrically as far towards each side of the forklift as is practicable.

5. On forklifts of American origin, the stop lamp and direction indicator lamp function may be combined in one lamp.

Condition

6. A direction indicator lamp must be in sound condition.

Performance

7. A direction indicator lamp must operate in a way that is appropriate for the lamp and the vehicle.

8. A direction indicator lamp must emit a light that is substantially:

a) red or amber to the rear, and

b) white or amber to the front, and

c) amber to the side.

9. A lamp must flash at a fixed frequency in the range of 1 to 2 Hertz.

10. Each lamp in a pair must, when operated, emit a light of approximately equal intensity, colour and frequency.

11. The lamp-failure indicating device, if fitted, must function.

12. A lamp must emit a light that is visible from 100m during normal daylight and 200m in normal darkness.

13. If a vehicle of American origin is fitted with combined stop and indicator lamps, the indicator lamps may override the stop lamps so that the stop lamps operate as direction indicators.

14. Where a lamp comprises an array of light sources (eg LEDs), at least 75% of these must operate.

Reasons for rejection

Permitted equipment

1. A forklift is fitted with more than two pairs of lamps.

2. A retrofitted pair of lamps is:

a) not symmetrically mounted, or

b) not mounted as far towards each side of the vehicle as is practicable, or

c) mounted at a height from the ground exceeding 2.1m.

3. A pair of top-mounted lamps, if fitted, is not:

a) symmetrically mounted, or

b) mounted as far towards the top corners of the bodywork as is practicable.

4. A lamp is not positioned to the front of the vehicle.

Condition

5. A lamp is insecure or, if a mandatory lamp, contains moisture in the form of large droplets, runs or puddles.

6. A lens is missing, or has a hole, crack or other damage that allows moisture or dirt to enter.

7. A lamp’s reflector is damaged or has deteriorated so that light output is reduced.

Performance

8. When switched on, a forward-facing position lamp does not operate.

9. When switched on, a forward-facing position lamp emits a light that is not:

a) substantially white or amber, or

b) diffuse, or

c) projected to the front, or

d) approximately equal in colour or intensity to the other lamp in a pair, or

e) steady, or

f) bright enough to be visible from a reasonable distance in normal darkness, eg due to modification, deterioration, dirt or an incorrect light source.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Lighting 2004.

Permitted equipment

1. A forklift may be fitted with one or two pairs of forward-facing position lamps.

2. A retrofitted pair of lamps must be symmetrically mounted as far towards each side of the vehicle as is practicable.

3. A retrofitted lamp must be mounted at a height from the ground not exceeding 2.1m.

4. A forklift may be fitted with one additional pair of forward-facing position lamps that must be symmetrically mounted as far towards the top corners of the vehicle as is practicable (top-mounted lamps).

5. A lamp must be positioned to the front of the vehicle.

Condition

6. A forward-facing position lamp must:

a) be in sound condition,

b) not be obscured (if a mandatory lamp).

Performance

7. A forward-facing position lamp must operate in a way that is appropriate for the lamp and the vehicle.

8. A lamp must emit a light that is:

a) diffuse, and

b) substantially white or amber, and

c) steady, and

d) sufficient to indicate to other road users the presence and dimensions of the vehicle, and

e) of approximately equal intensity and colour to the other lamp of a pair.

9. Where a lamp comprises an array of light sources (eg LEDs), at least 75% of these must operate.

Reasons for rejection

Mandatory and permitted equipment

1. A forklift that is likely to be operated during the hours of darkness (where the vehicle inspector can determine that) is not fitted with at least one lamp.

2. A retrofitted pair of lamps is not:

a) symmetrically mounted, or

b) mounted as far towards each side of the vehicle as is practicable.

Condition

3. A lamp is insecure or, if a mandatory lamp, contains moisture in the form of large droplets, runs or puddles.

4. A lens is missing, or has a hole, crack or other damage that allows moisture or dirt to enter.

5. A lamp’s reflector is damaged or has deteriorated so that light output is reduced.

6. A mandatory lamp is obscured.

Performance

7. When switched on, a mandatory lamp does not operate.

8. When switched on, a lamp emits a light that is not:

a) substantially red, or

b) diffuse, or

c) projected to the rear, or

d) approximately equal in colour or intensity to the other lamp in a pair, or

e) steady, or

f) bright enough to be visible from 100m in normal darkness (if a mandatory lamp), eg due to modification, deterioration, dirt or an incorrect light source.

9. Where a lamp comprises an array of light sources (eg LEDs), fewer than 75% of these operate.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Lighting 2004.

Mandatory and permitted equipment

1. A forklift operated during the hours of darkness must be fitted with at least one rearward-facing position lamp.

2. A forklift may be fitted with one or more rearward-facing position lamps.

3. A retrofitted pair of lamps must be mounted symmetrically as far towards each side of the vehicle as is practicable.

4. A lamp must be positioned to the rear of the vehicle.

Condition

5. A rearward-facing position lamp must:

a) be in sound condition, and

b) not be obscured (if a mandatory lamp).

Performance

6. A rearward-facing position lamp must operate in a way that is appropriate for the lamp and the vehicle.

7. A lamp must emit a light that is:

a) diffuse, and

b) substantially red, and

c) steady, and

d) sufficient to indicate to other road users the presence and dimensions of the vehicle, and

e) visible from a distance of 100m in normal darkness (if a mandatory lamp), and

f) of approximately equal intensity and colour to the other lamp of the pair.

8. Where a lamp comprises an array of light sources (eg LEDs), at least 75% of these must operate.

Reasons for rejection

Prohibited equipment

1. A forklift that has a length of less than 6m is fitted with side-marker lamps.

Condition

2. A lamp is insecure.

3. A lens is missing, or has a hole, crack or other damage that allows moisture or dirt to enter.

4. A reflector is damaged or has deteriorated so that light output is reduced.

Performance

5. When switched on, a lamp emits a light that is not:

a) diffuse, or

b) substantially red or amber to the rear, or

c) substantially white or amber to the front, or

d) steady.

6. Where a lamp comprises an array of light sources (eg LEDs), fewer than 75% of these operate.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Lighting 2004.

Permitted and prohibited equipment

1. A forklift with a length of 6m or more may be fitted with one or more side-marker lamps.

2. A forklift with a length of less than 6m must not be fitted with side-marker lamps.

Condition

3. A lamp must be in good condition.

Performance

4. A side-marker lamp must operated in a way that is appropriate for the lamp and the vehicle.

5. A side-marker lamp must emit light that is:

a) diffuse, and

b) substantially red or amber to the rear, and

c) substantially white or amber to the front, and

d) steady.

6. Where a side-marker lamp comprises an array of light sources (eg LEDs), at least 75% of these must operate.

Reasons for rejection

Mandatory, permitted and prohibited equipment

1. A vehicle listed in Table 4-9-1:

a) is not fitted with lamps required in Table 4-9-1, or

b) is fitted with lamps that exceed the numbers permitted in Table 4-9-1.

2. A vehicle not listed in Table 4-9-1 is fitted with end-outline marker lamps.

3. An end-outline marker lamp is so positioned that it does not indicate the dimensions of the vehicle.

Condition

4. A lamp is insecure.

5. A lens is missing or has a hole, crack or other damage that allows moisture or dirt to enter.

6. A reflector is damaged or has deteriorated so that light output is reduced.

7. A mandatory lamp is obscured.

Performance

8. When switched on, a mandatory lamp does not operate.

9. When switched on, a lamp emits a light that is not:

a) substantially red to the rear, or

b) substantially white or amber to the front, or

c) diffuse, or

d) steady, or

e) bright enough to be visible from 100m in normal daylight and 200m in normal darkness, eg due to modification, deterioration, dirt or an incorrect light source.

9. Where a lamp comprises an array of light sources (eg LEDs), fewer than 75% of these operate.

Table 4-9-1. Fitting requirements for end-outline marker lamps

If the vehicle was:	Row	Characteristics of the heavy vehicle	Front		Rear
			Mandatory lamps3	Maximum permitted lamps1	Maximum permitted lamps2
Vehicle manufactured before 1/4/20113	A	A vehicle with a GVM exceeding 11,300 kg A vehicle with a towing connection where the vehicle combination is likely to have a total length exceeding 9.2m	2	12 (No Limit if first registered before 27/2/2005)	6
	B	A vehicle with an overall width of 1.8 m or more (other than a vehicle in row A)	Not required	6	4
Vehicle manufactured from 1/4/2011	C	A vehicle with an overall width exceeding 2.1m and with a GVM or GCM exceeding 12,000kg	2	12	6
	D	A vehicle with an overall width exceeding 2.1m (other than a vehicle in row C)	2	6	4
	E	A vehicle with an overall width of 1.8 m or more (other than a vehicle in row C or D).	Not required	6	4

¹ Maximum permitted lamps are the maximum number of lamps allowed to be fitted, including mandatory lamps.

² A vehicle manufactured before 1/4/2011 also has the option of complying with the requirements applicable to vehicles manufactured from 1/4/2011.

³ Mandatory lamps must be positioned at a height no lower than the top edge of the windscreen

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Lighting 2004.

Mandatory, per5mitted and prohibited equipment

1. A vehicle in Table 4-9-1 must or may be fitted with end-outline marker lamps as specified in the table.

2. A vehicle not listed in Table 4-9-1 must not be fitted with end-outline marker lamps.

3. The position of the lamps must be such that it gives an indication of the vehicle’s dimensions.

Condition

4. A end-outline marker lamp must be:

a) in good condition, and

b) not obscured (if a mandatory lamp).

Performance

5. An end-outline marker lamp must operate in a way that is appropriate for the lamp and the vehicle.

6. Cab roof lamps must emit a light that is visible from 100m in normal daylight and from 200 in normal darkness.

7. A lamp must emit a light that is diffuse and substantially red to the rear and white or amber to the front.

8. A lamp must provide sufficient light output so that the vehicle’s dimensions are easily indicated to other road users.

9. Where an end-outline marker lamp comprises an array of light sources (eg LEDs), at least 75% of these must operate.

Reasons for rejection

Permitted equipment

1. A forklift is:

a) is fitted with more than three pairs of stop lamps (including top-mounted stop lamps), or

b) is fitted with a stop lamp that is not in a pair.

2. A retrofitted stop lamp, other than a top-mounted lamp, is fitted at a height from the ground exceeding 2.1m.

3. A retrofitted pair of lamps is not:

a) symmetrically mounted, or

b) mounted as far towards each side of the vehicle as is practicable.

4. A pair of top-mounted lamps is not mounted as far as is practicable to the top of the bodywork of the vehicle.

Condition

5. A lamp is insecure.

6. A lens is missing, or has a hole, crack or other damage that allows moisture or dirt to enter.

7. A reflector is damaged or has deteriorated so that light output is reduced.

Performance

8. A lamp operates when the service brake is not applied.

9. A lamp emits a light that is not:

a) substantially red, or

b) diffuse, or

c) steady, or

d) projected to the rear, or

e) approximately equal in colour or intensity to the other lamp in a pair, or

f) bright enough to produce a light that is visible from a reasonable distance in normal daylight, eg due to modification, deterioration, dirt or an incorrect light source.

10. Where a lamp comprises an array of light sources (eg LEDs), fewer than 75% of these operate.

12. On a vehicle of American origin fitted with combined stop and direction indicator lamps, the stop lamp function is not overridden by the indicator function.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Lighting 2004.

Permitted equipment

1. A forklift may be fitted with one or two pairs of stop lamps at the rear which emit a light that is visible from a reasonable distance.

2. A retrofitted pair of stop lamps must be symmetrically mounted as far towards each side of the vehicle as is practicable.

3. A retrofitted stop lamp must be fitted at a height from the ground not exceeding 2.1m.

4. A forklift may be fitted at the rear with an additional pair of stop lamps provided they are positioned as close as is practicable to the top of the bodywork of the vehicle (top-mounted lamps).

Condition

5. A stop lamp must be in sound condition.

Performance

6. A stop lamp must operate in a way that is appropriate for the lamp and the vehicle.

7. The light emitted from a stop lamp must be diffuse light that is substantially red.

8. A stop lamp must operate when a service brake is activated.

9. A stop lamp must emit a steady light.

10. If a vehicle of American origin is fitted with combined stop and direction indicator lamps, the indicator lamps may override the stop lamps so that the stop lamps will operate as direction indicators.

11. Where a stop lamp comprises an array of light sources (eg LEDs), at least 75% of these must operate.

Reasons for rejection

Permitted equipment

1. A forklift is fitted with more than two high-mounted stop lamps.

2. A lamp is not fitted in a central high-mounted position.

Condition

3. A lamp is insecure.

4. A lens is missing, or has a hole, crack or other damage that allows moisture or dirt to enter.

5. A reflector is damaged or has deteriorated so that light output is reduced.

Performance

6. When the service brake is activated a lamp does not remain steadily illuminated.

7. A lamp operates when the service brake is not activated.

8. A lamp emits a light that is not:

a) substantially red, or

b) diffuse, or

c) projected to the rear, or

d) bright enough to be visible from 100m in normal daylight, eg due to modification, deterioration, dirt or an incorrect light source.

9. Where a lamp comprises an array of light sources (eg LEDs), fewer than 75% of these operate.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Lighting 2004.

Permitted equipment

1. A forklift may be fitted with one or two high-mounted stop lamps.

2. A lamp must be fitted in a central high-mounted position at the rear of the vehicle.

Condition

3. A high-mounted stop lamp must be in good condition.

Performance

4. A high-mounted stop lamp must operate in a way that is appropriate for the lamp and the vehicle.

5. The light emitted from a high-mounted stop lamp must be diffuse light that is substantially red.

6. A high-mounted stop lamp must emit a steady light.

7. Where a high-mounted stop lamp comprises an array of light sources (eg LEDs), at least 75% of these must operate.

Reasons for rejection

Condition

1. A lamp is insecure.

2. A lens is missing, or has a hole, crack or other damage that allows moisture or dirt to enter.

3. A reflector, or lens, is damaged or has deteriorated so that light output is reduced.

Performance

4. The lamp emits a light that is not:

a) substantially white, or

b) steady, or

c) diffuse.

5. The lamp does not illuminate the registration plate (eg either the lamp or plate have been moved, or the lamps orientation has been changed).

6. The light source of a lamp is visible from the rear of the vehicle.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Lighting 2004.

Permitted equipment

1. A forklift may be fitted with one or more rear-registration-plate illumination lamps.

Performance

2. A rear-registration-plate illumination lamp must operate in a way that is appropriate for the lamp and the vehicle.

3. A lamp must emit a diffuse light that is substantially white.

4. A rear-registration-plate illumination lamp must emit a steady light.

5. The light source of the lamp must not be visible from the rear of the vehicle.

6. A lamp must illuminate the figures and letters of the plate so that they are visible from 20m during normal darkness.

7. Where a lamp comprises an array of light sources (eg LEDs), at least 75% of these must operate.

Reasons for rejection

Permitted equipment

1. A forklift is fitted with a rearward-facing reflector that is not in a pair.

2. A retrofitted reflector is fitted at a height from the ground exceeding 1.5m (or 2.1m where fitting below 1.5m is not practicable due to the shape of the bodywork of the vehicle).

3. A reflector is not positioned to the rear of the vehicle.

4. A retrofitted pair of reflectors is not:

a) symmetrically mounted, or

b) mounted as far towards each side of the vehicle as is practicable.

Performance

8. The reflected light from a reflector is not red.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Lighting 2004.

Permitted equipment

1. A forklift may be fitted with one or more pairs of rearward-facing reflectors at a height from the ground not exceeding 1.5m, or if this is not practicable due to the shape of the bodywork of the vehicle, not exceeding 2.1m.

2. A rearward-facing reflector must be positioned to the rear of the vehicle.

3. A reflector must be of an area that allows it to reflect light to improve the visibility of the vehicle to other road users, but it must not cause them undue dazzle or discomfort.

4. A retrofitted pair of reflectors must be symmetrically mounted as far towards each side of the vehicle as is practicable.

Performance

7. A reflector must reflect white light as substantially red light.

Reasons for rejection

Permitted equipment

1. A forklift is fitted with more than two reversing lamps at the rear of the vehicle.

2. A retrofitted pair of reversing lamps is not:

a) symmetrically mounted, or

b) mounted as far towards each side of the vehicle as is practicable.

Condition

3. A lamp is insecure or contains visible moisture or dirt.

4. A lens is missing, or has a hole, crack or other damage that allows moisture or dirt to enter.

5. A reflector is damaged or has deteriorated so that light output is reduced.

Performance

6. A lamp controlled by gear engagement continues to display a light to the rear when the reverse gear is disengaged.

7. A lamp controlled by a manual switch continues to display a light to the rear while the headlamps are switched on.

8. When engaged, a lamp emits light that is not:

a) substantially white (Note 3), or

b) steady, or

c) diffuse or a dipped beam.

9. Where a lamp comprises an array of light sources (eg LEDs), fewer than 75% of these operate.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Lighting 2004.

Permitted equipment

1. A forklift may be fitted with one or two reversing lamps fitted at the rear of the vehicle.

2. A retrofitted pair of reversing lamps must be symmetrically mounted as far towards each side of the vehicle as is practicable.

Condition

3. A reversing lamp must be in good condition.

Performance

4. A reversing lamp must operate in a way that is appropriate for the lamp and the vehicle.

5. A reversing lamp, when operated, must emit a diffuse light or a dipped beam of light that is substantially white (Note 3).

6. A reversing lamp must emit a steady light.

7. A reversing lamp may operate only when the reverse gear is engaged or the headlamps are turned off.

8. Where a reversing lamp comprises an array of light sources (eg LEDs), at least 75% of these must operate.

Reasons for rejection

Permitted equipment

1. A cosmetic lamp (ie one not listed in Table 4-15-1) that is fitted to a vehicle:

a) has a part of its light-emitting surface positioned within 250mm of any mandatory lamps, or

b) is not mounted in a fixed position, or

c) is positioned so that its light-emitting surface is visible within the shaded areas in Figure 4-15-1.

Performance

2. When switched on, a cosmetic lamp with a light-emitting surface not visible within the shaded areas in Figure 4-15-1 emits a light that:

a) is not diffuse, or

b) flashes or otherwise varies in intensity or colour, or

c) revolves, rotates or otherwise moves, or

d) is too bright and likely to dazzle other road users, or

e) is likely to cause confusion about the orientation of the vehicle, or

f) is red when seen directly from the front, or

g) is not red or amber when seen directly from the rear.

Table 4-15-1. Lamps that are not cosmetic lamps

Lamps covered in the VIRM

Other lighting equipment not requiring inspection

Headlamps Stop lamps High-mounted stop lamps Direction indicator lamps Position lamps (includes side-marker lamps and end-outline marker lamps) Rear-registration-plate illumination lamps Rear reflectors Fog lamps Daytime running lamps Cornering lamps Reversing lamps PSV interior lamps

Reflective material Interior lamps Designed to illuminate the interior of the vehicle for the convenience of passengers Work lamps White or amber high-intensity lamps that are not necessary for the operation of the vehicle but are designed to illuminate the area around the vehicle or the vehicle itself Scene lamps Work lamps designed to provide a fixed or movable beam of light to illuminate the area around the vehicle or the vehicle itself Alley lamps Work lamps designed primarily to provide a fixed or movable beam of light to the side of the vehicle it is fitted to Flashing or revolving beacons (except a mandatory beacon required for some overdimension vehicles) Illuminated vehicle-mounted signs Includes PSV destination signs, taxi signs, and variable message signs operated by enforcement officers, under a traffic management plan or permitted by other legislation

 

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Lighting 2004.

Permitted equipment

1. A vehicle may be fitted with one or more lamps not specified in Table 4-15-1, provided they are fitted so that light sources are not visible in those regions specified in Figure 4-15-1.

2. A lamp must be fitted in a fixed position on the vehicle and positioned so that no part of the light source is situated within 250mm of a mandatory lamp.

Performance

3. A lamp must:

a) only emit light that is diffuse, and

b) not emit light that flashes or otherwise varies in intensity or colour, and

c) be fitted in a way, and be of a luminance that ensures, that it does not dazzle, confuse or distract other road users, and

d) not emit a light that revolves, rotates or otherwise moves, and

e) not cause confusion as to the orientation of the vehicle, and

f) not emit a red light that is directly visible from the front of the vehicle, and

g) not emit a light other than red or amber if the light is directly visible from the rear of the vehicle.

Reasons for rejection

Glazing condition

1. A piece of glazing is not mechanically sound, or is not securely affixed to the vehicle.

2. A windscreen or front side window is so dirty or obstructed that the driver’s vision is unreasonably impaired.

3. A windscreen has damage that prevents the wiper blades from working properly.

4. A windscreen has scratches, discolouration or other defects that unreasonably impair the driver’s vision or compromise the strength of the windscreen.

5. A modification:

a) unreasonably impairs driver’s vision through the windscreen or a front side window, or

b) adversely affects the strength or mechanical performance of the glazing.

Glazing performance

6. The overall visible light transmittance (VLT) (Note 2) of a windscreen is less than 70%.

7. The overall VLT of a front side window is less than 35%.

8. Glazing has a mirrored effect sufficient to dazzle other road users.

Permitted modifications

9. A modification that affects glazing is not within the limits in Table 5-1-1.

Table 5-1-1. Permitted modifications

Fitting of or modification to:	Modification permitted provided that:
Windscreens
Stickers	stickers are wholly within 100mm of the top or bottom edge, or 50mm of the side edges, unless required or permitted by legislation, eg: – a licence label – a road user licence label – a WoF label – an alternative fuel sticker – a current parking permit or other document issued by the local authority – learner L-plates (in sticker format) provided the driver’s vision is not unreasonably affected.
Anti-glare band overlay	the overlay is transparent, and the overlay does not extend below the bottom edge of the vehicle’s OE sun visors when they are folded down as far as possible towards the windscreen, and the overlay does not contain print below a line that is 100mm below and parallel to the top edge of the windscreen.
Radio antennae	antennae are wholly within 100mm of any edge.
Front side windows
Transparent overlays	the overall visible light transmittance (VLT) is not reduced to below 35%.
Stickers	stickers are wholly within 100mm of the bottom edge, or 50mm of any other edge, unless required or permitted by legislation. manufacturer’s operating instructions may be applied to or incorporated in the glazing.
Radio antennae	antennae are wholly within 100mm of any edge.
Rear and rear side windows (behind the driver’s seat)
Overlays and other modifications	the vehicle is equipped on both sides with external rear-view mirrors.
Stickers	stickers may be applied anywhere on the glazing, but if not wholly within 100mm of any edge, the vehicle must be equipped on both sides with external rear-view mirrors.
Radio antennae	in-service requirements for condition and performance are met.

Fitting of or modification to:	Modification always permitted:
Monsoon shields	in-service requirements for condition and performance must be met.
Electric demisters
Sunroofs (overlays and stickers applied anywhere on the glazing, radio antennae, and electric demisters)

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Glazing, Windscreen Wipe and Wash, and Mirrors 1999.

Glazing condition

1. Glazing must be mechanically sound, strong and securely affixed to the vehicle.

2. A windscreen and front side windows must be clean and free of obstruction to ensure the driver has sufficient vision through the glazing to operate the vehicle safely.

3. A windscreen must not have scratches and other defects that:

a) unreasonably impair vision, or

b) compromise its strength.

4. A laminated windscreen must not show signs of discoloration that could unreasonably impair the driver’s vision.

5. Glazing in roof panels may be tinted.

Glazing performance

6. A windscreen must have an overall visible light transmittance (VLT) of at least 70%.

7. A front side window must have an overall VLT of at least 35%.

8. Glazing must not have a mirrored effect sufficient to dazzle other road users.

9. A modification must not:

a) unreasonably impair vision through a windscreen or a front side window, or

b) adversely affect the strength or mechanical performance of the glazing or the vehicle.

Permitted modifications

10. A modification that affects glazing is permitted if within the limits in Table 5-1-1.

Reasons for rejection

Condition

1. A sun visor (Note 1):

a) is insecurely mounted, or

b) for the driver, cannot be adjusted from the normal driving position, or

c) cannot maintain its adjusted position, or

d) has been modified or has deteriorated, and the likelihood of injury to vehicle occupants has not been minimised.

Performance

2. A driver’s sun visor does not effectively aid the driver’s vision by intercepting the glare from the sun.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Equipment 2004
• Land Transport Rule: Interior Impact 2002.

Permitted equipment

1. A forklift may be fitted with sun visors (Note 1).

Performance

2. The condition of sun visors must be such that the likelihood of injury to occupants is minimised.

3. A driver’s sun visor must be effective.

Reasons for rejection

Mandatory equipment

1. A forklift that has a windscreen is not fitted with a windscreen wipe system.

2. A forklift manufactured on or after 1 January 1960 is fitted with wipers that are not power driven.

Condition

Windscreen wipe system

3. The wiper operating device is missing.

4. A wiper arm or wiper blade is:

a) missing, or

b) insecure, or

c) damaged so as to affect the performance of the wipers.

5. The wiper operating mechanism is:

a) missing, or

b) insecure, or

c) damaged so as to affect the performance of the wipers.

Windscreen wash system

6. A wash system component is missing or insecure.

7. The wash operating device is missing.

Performance

Windscreen wipe system

8. A windscreen wiper does not wipe the windscreen effectively, preventing adequate forward vision by the driver.

9. The wipe operating device is unable to activate the wipe system.

Windscreen wash system

10. A windscreen wash nozzle does not discharge washer liquid directly onto the windscreen.

11. The wash operating device is unable to activate the wash system.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Glazing, Windscreen Wipe and Wash, and Mirrors 1999.

Mandatory equipment

1. A forklift that is fitted with a windscreen must have a windscreen wipe system.

2. Windscreen wipers must be power driven, unless they follow OE specifications in a vehicle manufactured before 1 January 1960.

Permitted equipment

3. A forklift may be fitted with a wash system.

Condition

4. A forklift’s windscreen wipe and wash system must be efficient and within the vehicle manufacturer’s operating limits.

Performance

5. The equipment fitted must be capable of keeping an adequate area of the windscreen clean and clear so that the vehicle may be operated safely under all reasonably foreseeable conditions.

Mandatory equipment

1. A forklift is not fitted with at least one rear-view mirror.

Condition

2. A rear-view mirror:

a) is not mounted securely, or

b) cannot be adjusted, or

c) cannot maintain its adjusted position, or

d) is corroded or dirty, or

e) is damaged so that it increases the risk of injury to vehicle occupants.

Performance

3. A rear-view mirror:

a) does not provide a clear view to the rear of the vehicle, or

b) is not sufficiently isolated from vibrations.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Glazing, Windscreen Wipe and Wash, and Mirrors 1999.

Mandatory equipment

1. A forklift must be fitted with a rear-view mirror.

Permitted equipment

2. Additional rear-view mirrors may be fitted.

Condition

3. A rear-view mirror must be:

a) securely attached so that the risk of injury is minimised, and

b) mounted so that vibration does not inhibit the driver’s required clear view to the rear, and

c) sufficiently adjustable, and able to maintain its position.

Performance

4. A rear-view mirror must provide a clear view to the rear of:

a) the forklift itself, and

b) the forklift’s load, and

c) any towed trailer and its load.

5. A rear-view mirror must be sufficiently isolated from vibrations.

Reasons for rejection

Mandatory equipment

1. A forklift fitted with doors used by the driver or passengers for entrance and exit of the vehicle does not have a door retention system.

Condition

2. A hinge for a door or other hinged panel is not securely attached to both the vehicle body and to the door or other hinged panel, eg due to loose connections, corrosion or other damage.

3. A door used for entrance and exit of the driver or passengers cannot be opened from the inside.

Performance

4. A door used for entrance and exit of the driver or passengers does not open or close easily, eg a door is sticking or requires unreasonable force to open.

5. A door or other hinged panel does not remain secure in a closed or locked position.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Door Retention Systems 2001
• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Standards Compliance 2002, section 7.4.

Mandatory equipment

1. A forklift fitted with doors used by the driver or passengers for entrance and exit of the vehicle must have a door retention system.

Condition

2. A door retention system and its mountings must be safe and structurally sound.

3. A door used for the entrance and exit of the driver or passengers must be operable by any occupant seated by the door from inside the vehicle.

4. The forklift must be designed and constructed using components and materials that are fit for their purpose, and within safe tolerance of their state when manufactured or modified.

Performance

5. A door retention system must be in good working order.

6. A door used for entrance and exit must open and close easily.

7. A door used for entrance and exit must remain secure in a closed position during the operation of the vehicle.

Reasons for rejection

Mandatory equipment

1. A driver’s seat is not fitted in a forklift that was originally fitted with a driver’s seat.

2. A seat is not attached to the vehicle structure by seat anchorages.

Condition and performance

3. A seat frame or structure has been weakened, eg due
to damage, corrosion or excessive wear.

4. The adjustment mechanism of a driver’s seat:

a) does not operate, or

b) is worn ,causing excessive movement of the seat.

5. The attachment of the seat to the seat anchorage is loose or weakened by damage.

6. The attachment of the seat anchorage to the vehicle structure is loose or weakened by damage.

7. The driver’s seat is in such a condition that it does not allow the driver to have proper control of the vehicle.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Seats and Seat Anchorages 2002.

Mandatory equipment

1. A driver’s seat in a forklift must remain fitted.

2. A seat in a forklift must be fitted to the vehicle structure by means of seat anchorages.

Condition and performance

3. Seats and seat anchorages must be safe, strong, in sound condition and compatible in strength with each other and with the vehicle structure.

4. The driver’s seat and its anchorages must be designed, constructed and maintained to enable the driver to have proper control of the vehicle.

5. Seats and seat anchorages must be securely attached to the vehicle structure.

6. When a seatbelt or any part of the seatbelt is integral to a seat, the seat and seat anchorages must be compatible in strength with the seatbelt or with that part of the seatbelt attached to the seat.

Reasons for rejection

Condition and performance

1. The external surfaces and padding of a head restraint have deteriorated to the extent that they are likely to injure a vehicle occupant.

2. An adjustable head restraint is unable to remain locked in its adjusted position.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Head Restraints 2001.

Permitted equipment

1. A forklift may be fitted with head restraints.

Condition and performance

2. The external surfaces and padding of a head restraint must not have deteriorated to the extent that the likelihood of injury to an occupant of the vehicle is increased.

3. An adjustable head restraint must remain able to be adjusted and locked into position.

Reasons for rejection

Condition and performance

1. Where an interior fitting, control or surface has been modified or has deteriorated, the likelihood of injury to occupants has not been minimised.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Interior Impact 2001.

Condition and performance

1. Interior fittings, controls and surfaces in the passenger compartments must be such that the likelihood of injury to occupants is minimised.

Reasons for rejection

Mandatory equipment

1. A forklift first registered in New Zealand on or after 1 December 1951 that is capable of a speed exceeding 50 km/h is not fitted with a speedometer, and the vehicle operator cannot produce acceptable written evidence (Note 2) that:

a) the speedometer has been removed for repair, or

b) there are no undue delays by the vehicle owner in having the speedometer replaced.

Condition and performance

2. The speedometer:

a) does not operate as intended when the vehicle is moving forward (Note 3), or

b) is obscured from the driver’s vision, or

c) does not indicate the vehicle’s speed in km/h or mph.

3. Reason for rejection 2(a), 2(b) or 2(c) applies and the vehicle operator cannot produce acceptable written evidence (Note 2) that repair of the speedometer or associated equipment is impracticable or that a suitable replacement is not available.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Equipment 2004.

Mandatory equipment

1. A forklift first registered in New Zealand on or after 1 December 1951 that is capable of a speed exceeding 50km/h must be fitted with a speedometer (Note 1).

2. A vehicle is not required to have a speedometer if the speedometer or associated equipment:

a) has been removed for repair and there are no undue delays by the vehicle owner in having it replaced, or

b) is out of repair, repair is impracticable and a suitable replacement is not available.

Performance

3. The speedometer must be in good working order and operate while the vehicle is moving forward.

Reasons for rejection

Mandatory equipment

1. A forklift is:

a) not fitted with a horn, or

b) fitted with a bell or whistle that is not part of an anti-theft car alarm, personal security alarm or a reversing warning device.

Performance

2. The horn does not operate when activated.

3. The horn operates when not activated.

4. The sound from the horn is not steady and continuous, eg the horn plays a tune.

5. The horn is not audible at a distance of 100m.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Equipment 2004.

Mandatory equipment

1. A forklift must be fitted with a device (horn) that is audible to other road users.

Permitted equipment

2. A forklift may be fitted with a bell, whistle or siren that is part of an anti-theft car alarm, personal security alarm or a reversing warning device.

Performance

3. The device must be in good working order.

4. The device must be capable of giving a warning that is audible under normal traffic conditions from a distance of at least 100m.

Reasons for rejection

Mandatory equipment

1. A forklift does not have a service brake.

2. A forklift does not have a parking brake.

Condition

Service brake

3. There is corrosion damage (Note 2) within 150mm of a brake component mounting point.

4. The service brake pedal:

a) is insecure, or

b) is spongy (indicating air in the system), or

c) creeps, or

d) has a non-slip surface which has deteriorated to such an extent that the brake cannot be safely applied, or

e) has excessive travel.

5. A vacuum hose or pipe (including connections) is:

a) insecure, or

b) leaking, or

c) damaged (cracked, chafed, twisted, stretched, or corroded, eg showing signs of pitting or a noticeable decrease in the pipe’s outside diameter).

6. The brake vacuum servo (brake booster) is:

a) not functioning fully or adequately, or

b) leaking, or

c) insecure.

7. The brake master cylinder is:

a) leaking brake fluid, or

b) insecure, or

c) excessively corroded.

8. A brake valve is:

a) not operating (has eg a seized load sensing valve), or

b) leaking brake fluid, or

c) insecure, or

d) excessively corroded.

9. A brake pipe (including connections) is:

a) leaking brake fluid, or

b) insecure, or

c) deformed from its original shape, or

d) chafed, or

e) corrosion damaged, eg there are signs of pitting or a noticeable increase in the pipe’s outside diameter.

10. A flexible hydraulic brake hose (including connections):

a) is leaking brake fluid, or

b) is insecure, or

c) bulges under pressure, or

d) is twisted, stretched or chafed, or

e) has an external sheathing which is cracked to the extent that the reinforcing cords are exposed, or

f) has metal connections which are excessively corroded, or

g) has an end fitting that is not attached to the hose by means of swaging, machine crimping or a similar process (Note 3).

11. A brake calliper:

a) shows visible signs of leaking, or

b) is insecure.

12. A brake backing plate is:

a) insecure, or

b) severely corroded, or

c) deformed from its original shape, or

d) cracked, or

e) contaminated by brake fluid, oil or grease.

13. A wheel cylinder:

a) shows visible signs of leaking, or

b) is insecure, or

c) is seized.

14. An ABS system component is damaged, insecure or missing.

15. A brake disc or drum is:

a) worn beyond manufacturer’s specifications (where visible without removing vehicle components), or

b) fractured or otherwise damaged (where visible without removing vehicle components), or

c) contaminated by brake fluid, oil or grease.

16. Brake friction material (where visible without removing vehicle components) is:

a) worn below manufacturer’s specifications, or

b) separating from the brake pad backing plate or brake shoe, or

c) contaminated by brake fluid, oil or grease.

17. A service brake component shows signs of heating or welding after original manufacture.

Parking brake

18. The parking brake lever:

a) has excessive travel, or

b) is insecure, or

c) has mounting which is damaged, corroded, distorted or fractured within 150mm of the lever mounting, or

d) mechanism or lever pivot bearing is worn or damaged so that the parking brake could be easily released by accident.

19. The parking brake cable:

a) is knotted, frayed or excessively corroded, or

b) has an auxiliary tensioner fitted, or

c) has otherwise deteriorated so that it may affect the parking brake performance.

20. A parking brake actuating rod or guide:

a) is excessively corroded, or

b) is excessively worn, or

c) has otherwise deteriorated so that it may affect the parking brake performance.

21. A parking brake component shows signs of heating or welding after original manufacture.

Performance

Service brake

22. The service brake cannot be applied in a controlled and progressive manner.

23. When the service brake is applied without assistance from the engine:

a) the unladen forklift (GVM 3500kg or less) does not stop within 9m from a speed of 30 km/h (average brake efficiency of 40%), or

b) the unladen forklift (GVM more than 3500kg) does not stop within 7m from a speed of 30 km/h (average brake efficiency of 50%), or

c) the unladen forklift (maximum speed 20–29km/h) does not stop within 4m from a speed of 20 km/h (average brake efficiency of 40%), or

d) the unladen forklift (maximum speed less than 20km/h) does not stop within 4m from its maximum speed.

24. When the service brake is applied:

a) the vehicle vibrates under braking to the extent that the control of the vehicle is adversely affected, or

b) the brake fails to release immediately after the brake pedal has been released, or

c) the directional control is affected (eg there is swerving to one side, or the brakes on one side apply more slowly than on the other side).

25. The brake system warning lamp or self-check system, if fitted, indicates a defect in the brake system (this does not apply to brake pad wear warning systems).

Parking brake

26. When the parking brake is applied it does not hold:

a) the vehicle at rest on a slope of one in six (ie a 17% or 9° slope), or

b) the wheels on a common axle stationary against attempts to drive the vehicle away.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Light-Vehicle Brakes 2002
• Land Transport Rule: Heavy-Vehicle Brakes 2006.

Mandatory equipment

1. A forklift must have:

a) a service brake, and

b) a parking brake.

Permitted equipment

2. A forklift may be fitted with a warning system that is part of, or associated with, the use of a brake component or system.

Condition

3. A brake must be in good condition and within safe tolerance of its state when manufactured.

4. The brake friction surfaces must be within safe tolerance of their state when manufactured, and must not be scored, weakened or damaged to the extent that the safety performance of the brake is adversely affected.

Performance

5. The service brake must be able to be applied in a controlled and progressive manner.

6. When the brake is applied:

a) the vehicle or its controls must not vibrate to the extent that control of the vehicle is adversely affected, and

b) the braking effort on each wheel must provide stable and efficient braking without adverse effect on the directional control of the vehicle, and

c) if the vehicle is equipped with an anti-lock braking system (ABS), the wheels must not lock, other than when the speed of the vehicle falls below the ABS activation parameters set by the vehicle manufacturer.

7. A brake warning system must function correctly (does not apply to a brake pad wear warning system).

Service brake

8. The service brake of a forklift that is operated on a hard, dry, level surface that is free of loose material and without assistance from the compression of the engine or other retarders, must operate in the following manner:

a) the service brake must stop the unladen forklift (GVM 3500kg or less) within a distance of 9m from a speed of 30km/h (average brake efficiency of 40%), or

b) the service brake must stop the unladen forklift (GVM more than 3500kg) within a distance of 7m from a speed of 30km/h (average brake efficiency of 50%), or

c) the service brake must stop the unladen forklift (with a maximum speed of 20–29km/h) within a distance of 4m from a speed of 20km/h (average brake efficiency of 40%), or

d) the service brake must stop the unladen forklift (with a maximum speed of less than 20km/h) within a distance of 4m from its maximum speed.

Parking brake

9. A parking brake must hold the unladen forklift at rest on a slope of one in six.

Reasons for rejection

Mandatory equipment

1. A forklift capable of exceeding a speed of 50 km/h equipped with a modified or aftermarket steering system with no direct mechanical connection between the driver’s means of control and the wheels, or other means of changing the vehicle’s direction, does not have at least one additional means of steering.

Condition

2. The steering wheel:

a) is insecurely attached to the steering shaft, or

b) shows excessive movement indicating unacceptable wear or looseness in the steering box or rack or steering column bearings, or

c) has a rim covering which is insecure so that the directional control of the vehicle is affected.

3. The steering column is insecure.

4. The power steering:

a) has been disconnected, or

b) system does not operate correctly, requiring unreasonable force to steer the vehicle, or

c) has a hose, pump drive, drive belt or pump mounting that is insecure, damaged, or has significantly deteriorated, or

d) has a significant fluid leak.

5. The hydrostatic steering system:

a) has been disconnected, or

b) does not operate correctly, eg requiring unreasonable force to steer the vehicle, or

c) has a hose, pump drive, drive belt, cylinder, including their mountings, that is insecure, damaged or significantly deteriorated, or

d) has any fluid leakage, except for minor seepage.

6. A linkage or joint between the steering column shaft and steering box or rack:

a) is insecure, or

b) is damaged, significantly corroded, distorted or cracked, or

c) shows signs of welding or heating after original manufacture, or

d) has play beyond manufacturer’s specifications, or does not operate smoothly without roughness or stiffness, or

e) is fouling on the vehicle structure, wheel, tyre or brake system component.

7. The steering box or rack:

a) is insecure, or

b) is damaged, significantly corroded, distorted or cracked, or

c) shows signs of welding or heating after original manufacture, or

d) has play beyond manufacturer’s specifications, or

e) does not operate smoothly without roughness or stiffness, or

f) has an excessive fluid leak.

8. A steering rack gaiter is missing, insecure or split.

9. A steering linkage or joint (Note 2):

a) is insecure, or

b) is damaged, significantly corroded, distorted or cracked, or

c) shows signs of welding or heating after original manufacture, or

d) has play beyond manufacturer’s specifications, or

e) does not operate smoothly without roughness or stiffness, or

f) is fouling on the vehicle structure, wheel tyre or brake system component, or

g) shows signs of plastic injection.

10. A steering arm or associated component:

a) is insecure, or

b) is damaged, significantly corroded, distorted or cracked, or

c) shows signs of welding or heating after original manufacture.

11. A kingpin or suspension joint (Note 2):

a) is insecure, or

b) is damaged, significantly corroded, distorted or cracked, or

c) shows signs of welding or heating after original manufacture, or

d) has play beyond the manufacturer’s specifications, or

e) does not operate smoothly without roughness or stiffness, or

f) shows signs of plastic injection.

12. A lock stop is loose or damaged.

13. A steering or suspension component mounting point:

a) is insecure, or

b) has corrosion damage, buckling or fractures within 150mm of a mounting point.

14. Any other suspension component:

a) is insecure or missing, or

b) is damaged, significantly corroded, distorted or cracked, or

c) shows signs of welding or heating after original manufacture, or

d) has play beyond manufacturer’s specifications, or

e) does not operate smoothly without roughness or stiffness, or

f) has excessive leakage of damping fluid (Technical bulletin 9), or

g) shows excessive play, roughness or stiffness in a strut upper support bearing, or

h) is a replacement urethane suspension bush that is not voided or shaped to allow for similar movement to an OE bush.

15. There is corrosion damage (Note 3) within 150mm of a suspension component mounting point.

Performance

16. During operation the forklift cannot be controlled in a safe, efficient convenient and sensitive manner, eg:

a) the vehicle veers significantly to one side, or

b) the vehicle requires unreasonable force to steer, or

c) the steering is unreasonably stiff, rough or light, or

d) the vehicle does not handle safely under normal conditions of road use, eg the suspension is excessively hard or soft, or there is excessive body roll.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Steering Systems 2001.

Mandatory equipment

1. A forklift capable of a speed of more than 50 km/h and equipped with a modified or aftermarket steering system with no direct mechanical connection between the driver’s means of control and the wheels, or other means of changing the vehicle’s direction, must have at least one additional means of steering.

Condition

2. The steering system and associated systems and components that directly or indirectly affect the directional control of the vehicle must be:

a) sound and in good condition, and

b) strong, durable and fit for their purpose, taking into account whether adverse effects have resulted from a loss of integrity of any protective system used by a relevant component.

Performance

3. The steering system and associated systems and components that directly or indirectly affect the directional control of the vehicle must provide the vehicle with safe, efficient, convenient and sensitive control.

Reasons for rejection

Mandatory equipment

Tyres

1. Tyres on the same axle are not of the same:

a) size designation, or

b) construction type (ie mixed steel ply, fabric radial ply, bias/cross ply), or

c) tread pattern type (mixed asymmetric, directional, normal highway, traction).

2. An asymmetric tyre is fitted to a vehicle with the ‘inside’ tyre wall facing outwards.

3. A unidirectional tyre is fitted contrary to its correct direction of rotation.

4. A tyre has a speed category (Table 10-1-1) that is less than the speed limit for the vehicle or less than the vehicle’s maximum speed if this is less than the speed limit (Note 3) (Note 4).

5. The forklift has one or more of the following types of tyre fitted (Note 1):

a) a space-saver tyre, or

b) a metal tyre, or

c) a tyre with studs, cleats, lugs or other gripping devices.

6. A tyre is not compatible with the vehicle to which it is fitted, eg a tyre that is marked with any of the following:

a) ‘FOR TRAILER USE ONLY’

b) ‘ADV’ (Agricultural Drawn Vehicle)

c) ‘RACING PURPOSES ONLY’.

Wheels

7. A wheel is not compatible with the tyre fitted to it for rim profile, flange height or valve fitment.

8. A wheel is:

a) not compatible with the vehicle to which it is fitted. or

b) not correctly attached to the vehicle.

Condition

Tyres (excluding spare tyres)

9. There are signs that a tyre is fouling on another part of the vehicle.

10. A pneumatic tyre shows damage that is likely to compromise its ability to operate in a safe manner or lead to premature tyre failure, such as:

a) a lump or bulge that is likely to be caused by separation of the tyre structure, or

b) a cut or crack in a side wall or tread more than 25mm long that reaches the cords (see Note 5 for visible cords in the tread area of heavy vehicle radial-ply tyres), or

c) exposed or cut cords (see Note 5 for visible cords in the tread area of heavy vehicle radial-ply tyres), or

d) the tread of a retreaded tyre shows signs of separation, or

e) nails or other sharp objects embedded in the tyre, or

f) significant perishing, eg due to age, moisture or exposure.

11. A pneumatic tyre has a string type repair visible from the outside.

12. A tyre is noticeably under- or over-inflated.

13. A non-pneumatic tyre is significantly disintegrated or shows signs that are likely to be the result of separation or partial failure of the tyre structure.

14. Tyre repairs have not been carried out in accordance with acceptable industry practice.

15. A tyre has insufficient tread to allow safe operation of the vehicle.

Spare tyres

16. A spare tyre, if carried, is not securely attached to or stored in the vehicle.

Wheels

17. There are signs that a wheel is fouling on another part of the vehicle.

18. A wheel is:

a) cracked, or

b) significantly damaged, distorted or has deteriorated, or

c) not securely attached to the hub.

19. A wheel nut is:

a) missing, or

b) loose, or

c) deteriorated, or

d) the incorrect type, or

e) has insufficient thread engagement to the wheel stud, or

f) is an aftermarket wheel nut made from aluminium.

Table 10-1-1. Tyre speed symbol categories

Speed symbol – speed category (km/h)
A1 – 5	A5 – 25	B – 50	F – 80	L – 120	Q – 160	U – 200	Y – 300
A2 – 10	A6 – 30	C – 60	G – 90	M – 130	R – 170	H – 210	ZR – over 240
A3 – 15	A7 – 35	D – 65	J – 100	N – 140	S – 180	V – 240
A4 – 20	A8 – 40	E – 70	K – 110	P – 150	T – 190	W – 270

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Tyres and Wheels 2001.

Mandatory equipment

Tyres

1. Tyres must be compatible with the vehicle to which they are fitted.

2. Tyres on the same axle must be of the same size designation and construction, and of the same tread pattern type.

3. Asymmetric tyres must be fitted in axle sets in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions.

4. A unidirectional tyre must be fitted to a wheel position corresponding to its direction of rotation.

5. The speed category of a tyre must be compatible with the maximum legal speed limit for the vehicle, or the vehicle’s maximum speed.

6. A forklift must not be fitted with a metal tyre or other non-pneumatic tyre (Note 1), or with a tyre with studs, cleats, lugs or other gripping devices.

Wheels

7. A wheel must be:

a) sufficiently strong for the type of vehicle to which it is fitted, and

b) compatible with the vehicle to which it is fitted, and

c) compatible with the tyre rim profile, flange height and valve fitment.

8. There must be adequate clearance for the brake, hub, suspension and steering mechanism, and body parts.

Permitted equipment

9. A forklift may be fitted with retreaded tyres.

Condition

Tyres (excluding spare tyres and space-saver tyres)

10. A tyre must be of good quality and construction, fit for its purpose and maintained in a safe condition.

11. A tyre must not have worn, damaged or visible cords apparent by external examination.

12. A heavy vehicle radial-ply tyre may have visible cords in the tyre tread area provided the tyre is in a safe condition. To assess whether such a tyre is in safe condition, the vehicle inspector may take into account written evidence from a person who has current specialist tyre knowledge and experience, particularly in heavy vehicle tyre inspection.

13. A tyre must have a tread pattern depth of not less than 1.5mm (excluding any tie-bar or tread-depth indicator strip) around the whole circumference of the tyre:

a) within all principal grooves that contain tread-depth indicators, or

b) if the tyre does not normally have tread-depth indicators, across at least three-quarters of the tyre tread width.

14. The regrooving of a tyre is permitted only if the tyre is identified as being specifically designed for regrooving after manufacture.

15. A tyre that is fitted to a forklift must be maintained at a safe inflation pressure.

Spare tyre

16. If the forklift carries a spare tyre, the tyre must be securely attached on or in the vehicle.

Wheels

17. The components of the wheel assembly must be in good condition.

18. The wheel must be securely attached to the hub.

Reasons for rejection

Condition

1. A hub (Note 1):

a) is not securely attached to the vehicle, or

b) has a visible crack, or

c) is significantly damaged, distorted or has deteriorated, or

d) has a broken or missing wheel stud.

2. A wheel bearing:

a) has play beyond the manufacturer’s specifications, or

b) is over-tight or binding, or

c) feels/sounds rough when rotated.

3. An axle:

a) is insecure, eg has loose U-bolts, or

b) is visibly cracked, or

c) is significantly damaged, distorted or has deteriorated, or

d) shows signs of welding or heating after original manufacture, or

e) shows signs of fouling the vehicle structure or a brake, suspension or steering component.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Tyres and Wheels 2001

Condition

1. The components of the assembly must be in good condition.

2. The hub and axle must be sufficiently strong for the type of vehicle to which they are fitted.

3. The hub and axle must have a suitable and correctly adjusted geometry.

Reasons for rejection

Mudguard condition

1. A mudguard is not securely fixed to the vehicle.

2. A mudguard is so constructed or damaged that it is likely to present a hazard to road users.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Equipment 2004.

Permitted equipment

1. A forklift may be fitted with mudguards.

Condition

2. A mudguard must be securely fixed to the vehicle and must be constructed so that it does not present a hazard to road users.

Reasons for rejection

Mandatory equipment

1. A forklift is not fitted with an exhaust system that includes a means of sound reduction (Note 1).

Condition

2. An exhaust system is not securely mounted.

3. The exhaust system is so constructed or modified that its operation or effectiveness can be readily interfered with.

4. The exhaust system is so constructed that emitted heat or fumes are likely to harm vehicle occupants, eg the exhaust gases are not directed away from the perimeter of the vehicle’s passenger compartment.

Performance

5. There is a leak of exhaust fumes from the exhaust system.

6. The noise output is noticeably and significantly louder than it would have been when the vehicle was manufactured with its original exhaust system.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Equipment 2004.

Mandatory equipment

1. A forklift with an internal combustion engine must be fitted with an exhaust system (Note 1).

Condition

2. An exhaust system must not be constructed or modified in a way that allows a person to interfere readily with its operation or reduce its effectiveness.

3. An exhaust system must be designed, constructed, positioned and maintained in a way that minimises the risk of heat or fumes emitted from the system harming the vehicle’s occupants.

Performance

4. An exhaust system must be effective and in good working order.

5. Noise from an exhaust system must not be noticeably and significantly louder than it would have been when the vehicle was manufactured with its original exhaust system.

Reasons for rejection

Performance

1. A forklift with the engine at normal operating temperature (Note 1), other than a forklift in Reason for rejection 2, emits clearly visible smoke (Technical bulletin 8) from the exhaust tail pipe (Note 2):

a) for a continuous period of five seconds when the engine is idling, or

b) as the engine is being rapidly accelerated to approximately 2500rpm or approximately half the maximum engine speed (whichever is lower) (Note 3).

2. A forklift fitted with an engine that is designed in a way that the forklift cannot reasonably comply with Reason for rejection 1 emits smoke that is noticeably and significantly more visible than it would have been when the vehicle was manufactured and supplied with the recommended fuel (Note 4).

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Exhaust Emissions 2007.

Performance

1. A forklift must not emit clearly visible smoke (Note 2) when the engine is running at its normal operating temperature, under either of the following conditions:

a) for a continuous period of five seconds when the engine is idling, or

b) as the engine is being accelerated rapidly to approximately 2500 revolutions per minute or approximately half the maximum engine speed (whichever is lower).

2. Requirement 1 above does not apply if the driver of the forklift produces documentation that proves that the engine is original equipment for the vehicle and the engine’s design does not allow the vehicle to reasonably comply.

Reasons for rejection

Condition

1. A towing connection component is:

a) not securely attached, or

b) missing, or

c) cracked, distorted or significantly corroded, or

d) worn beyond manufacturer’s specifications.

2. A coupling mechanism or safety locking device does not operate smoothly or efficiently, or fasten securely.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Heavy Vehicles 2004
• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Standards Compliance 2002, section 7.4.

Permitted equipment

1. A forklift may be fitted with a towing connection.

Condition

2. Towing connection components fitted to a vehicle must ensure that a secure connection can be maintained between the towing and towed vehicles under all conditions of loading and operations for which the vehicle was constructed.

3. A vehicle must:

a) be safe to be operated, and

b) have been constructed using components and materials that are fit for purpose, and

c) be within safe tolerance of their state when manufactured.

Reasons for rejection

Condition

1. An engine, gearbox, transfer case, differential or other driveline mounting is insecure.

2. A driveshaft is bent or severely damaged.

3. A driveshaft flange:

a) is insecure, or

b) has a bolt or nut missing.

4. A driveshaft support bearing is:

a) insecure, or

b) worn beyond manufacturer’s specifications.

5. A driveshaft universal joint spider (cross) bearing:

a) is worn so that the movement in the joint is beyond manufacturer’s specifications, or

b) caps have loose or missing cap bolts or circlips, or

c) is damaged, displaced or the seals on the spider journals are missing.

6. A rubber doughnut-type driveshaft coupling:

a) is worn or damaged beyond manufacturer’s specifications, or

b) is split or delaminated so that its mechanical integrity is affected, or

c) securing bolt is loose or missing.

7. A driveshaft slip joint (spline) is worn beyond manufacturer’s specifications.

8. The universals in the driveshaft are not fitted in accordance with manufacturer’s specifications.

Figure 13-1-1. A typical driveshaft assembly

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Standards Compliance Rule 2002, section 7.4.

Condition and performance

1. The vehicle must be safe to be operated.

2. The components and materials must be fit for their purpose and within safe tolerance of their state when manufactured or modified.

Reasons for rejection

Condition

1. There is a noticeable fuel leak from the fuel system.

2. The security of the fuel tank is affected by:

a) corrosion damage (Note 1), or

b) cracking or other damage, or

c) insecure or loose tank mountings.

3. A fuel line is insecure or loose so that it is likely to get damaged during normal use of the vehicle.

4. A fuel pipe is severely damaged or excessively corroded.

5. A fuel hose is damaged or perished.

6. The fuel pump is insecure.

7. The fuel filler cap is missing, insecure or likely to allow fuel spillage when the vehicle is in normal use.

8. The fuel tank is fitted with a ‘temporary use’ fuel filler cap.

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Equipment 2004.

Condition and performance

1. Fuel tanks, fuel lines and associated components must be:

a) securely mounted, and

b) made of suitable materials, and

c) in good condition, and

d) free from significant leaks, and

e) positioned so that the risk of mechanical damage or heat gain is minimised.

Reasons for rejection

Condition

1. An LPG or CNG fuel system component is:

a) loose, or

b) significantly corroded, distorted or cracked.

2. A gas line:

a) shows signs of corrosion damage (Note 1), such as pitting, or

b) is bulging, or

c) is insecure, or

d) is damaged, such as cut or crimped.

3. There is a noticeable gas leak.

4. There is corrosion damage, distortion or fracture within 300mm of a tank mounting (this requirement is not applicable where the tank is mounted on the counterweight).

Summary of legislation

Applicable legislation

• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Standards Compliance 2002
• Land Transport Rule: Vehicle Equipment 2004.

Permitted equipment

1. A forklift may be fitted with an alternative fuel (LPG or CNG) system.

Condition

2. An LPG or CNG fuel system must be in safe working condition.